Effects of oxycodone hydrochloride and dezocine on hemodynamics and levels of inflammatory factors in patients receiving gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia

Abstract We aimed to compare the effects of oxycodone hydrochloride and dezocine on hemodynamics and inflammatory factors in patients receiving gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia. A total of 246 patients were divided into group A and B (n=123). Hemorheology indices were recorded 5 min after anesthesia (T0), 1 min after pneumoperitoneum (T1), when position was changed 5 min after pneumoperitoneum (T2), 15 min after pneumoperitoneum (T3), 1 min (T4) and 5 min (T5) after position was restored. Visual analogue scale scores 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation were recorded. Postoperative adverse reactions and visceral pain were observed. The expression levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 12 h after operation. Compared with group A, group B had higher heart rate and mean arterial pressure at T2, lower central venous pressure and cardiac output at T1-T3, and higher systemic vascular resistance at T1-T5 (P<0.05). The incidence rate of pain syndrome in group A was lower (P<0.05). Group A had lower tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 expression levels and higher interleukin-10 level than those of group B (P<0.05). For gynecological laparoscopic surgery, oxycodone preemptive analgesia has superior outcomes to those of dezocine

Procedimiento de malone videoasistido en pediatria: primeros dos casos en Uruguay / Laparoscopic malone procedure in pediatrics: first cases in Uruguay / Procedimento de malone videoassistido em pediatria: dois primeiros casos no Uruguai

El procedimiento de apendicostomía continente para la realización de enemas anterógrados ha sido publicado ya hace varios años para el tratamiento de la incontinencia fecal y del estreñimiento de muy difícil manejo. Otra indicación del mismo incluye el estreñimiento severo, en el cual se agotaron las medidas farmacológicas y el único tratamiento efectivo es la realización de enemas. El objetivo principal del procedimiento es ofrecer a los niños y sus familias una alternativa a la hora de realizar los enemas, logrando una mayor adherencia al tratamiento y buscando alcanzar una mejor calidad de vida que permita adecuarse a las actividades con sus pares. Por otra parte permite al niño ir logrando cierta independencia gradual a medida que crezca, preparándolos para el futuro y haciéndolos participes activos de su cuidado. Se describen los primeros casos en donde utilizamos en nuestro medio el abordaje laparoscópico, sus indicaciones, la técnica quirúrgica y los resultados iniciales. Hemos constatado como ventaja principal los beneficios del abordaje mínimamente invasivo, como la exploración completa de la cavidad abdominal, el menor dolor postoperatorio, cicatrices más pequeñas, menor creación de adherencias.

The appendicostomy procedure for performing antegrade enemas has been published several years ago for the treatment of fecal incontinence and constipation that are very difficult to manage. The Malone procedure is performed in our setting, especially in patients with fecal incontinence secondary to neurological disorders such as myelomeningocele using a conventional approach. Other indications of it is severe constipation, in which pharmacological measures have been exhausted and the only effective treatment is enemas. The main objective of the procedure is to offer children and their families an alternative when performing enemas, achieving greater adherence to treatment and seeking to achieve a better quality of life that allows them to adapt to the activities of their peers. On the other hand, it allows the child to achieve a certain gradual independence as they grow, preparing them for the future and making them active participants in their care. The first cases in which we use the laparoscopic approach, its indications, the surgical technique and the initial results are described. We think that its main advantage is the benefits of the minimally invasive approach, such as complete exploration of the abdominal cavity, less postoperative pain, smaller scars, and less creation of adhesions.

O procedimento de apendicostomia continente para a realização de enemas anterógrados foi publicado há vários anos para o tratamento de incontinência fecal e constipação de difícil manejo. Outra indicação inclui constipação grave, na qual as medidas farmacológicas foram esgotadas e o único tratamento eficaz são os enemas. O principal objetivo do procedimento é oferecer às crianças e seus familiares uma alternativa na realização dos enemas, alcançando maior adesão ao tratamento e buscando alcançar uma melhor qualidade de vida que lhes permita adaptar-se às atividades com seus pares. Por outro lado, permite que a criança alcance uma certa independência gradual à medida que cresce, preparando-a para o futuro e tornando-a participante ativa em seus cuidados. São descritos os primeiros casos em que utilizamos a via laparoscópica, suas indicações, a técnica cirúrgica e os resultados iniciais. Confirmamos os benefícios da abordagem minimamente invasiva como principal vantagem, como exploração completa da cavidade abdominal, menos dor pós-operatória, cicatrizes menores e menor formação de aderências.

Homemade laparoscopic simulator

Abstract Purpose: To describe a guide for the construction of a laparoscopic training simulator. Methods: Step-by-step description of an inexpensive and easy to assemble homemade laparoscopic training box, capable of simulating the laparoscopic environment in its peculiarities to enable technical skills training. Results: The total cost of the materials for the construction of the simulator was US$ 75.00 (about R$ 250.00 "reais") and it can be reduced to US$ 60.00 if the builder judges that there is no need for internal lighting. The use of real trocars imposes the same challenges as real surgeries regarding positioning, visibility and limitation of movements. Conclusion: The proposed economical and efficient alternative can contribute to the teaching and practice of laparoscopic surgical technique worldwide, benefiting surgeons and patients.

Construction of a Low-cost Homemade Laparoscopic Simulator for Use in a Caribbean Setting / Construcción de un simulador laparoscópico casero de bajo costo para uso en un contexto caribeño

ABSTRACT Background: To the modern surgeon in training, the acquisition of laparoscopic skills is essential. Laparoscopic simulators are effective, but in the often-resource-poor setting of the Caribbean, the cost of these simulators is often prohibitive. We describe the construction of a simulator which is cheap, easy to assemble and effective. It is also relatively easy to mass produce for use in training programmes across the region. Methods: The simulator was constructed using a semi-transparent plastic box. Realistic access ports were fashioned using gel-type shoe inserts, and excellent vision was achieved by mounting a high-definition camera on the inside of the box. As the box readily transmits light, a light source is not a necessity. The total cost of this unit was US$48, and construction time was approximately 30 minutes. Results: This simulator was successfully tested and subsequently reproduced with satisfactory function. Conclusion: This simulator was effective and easy to construct. It may have applications in surgical training programmes within the Caribbean region and beyond.

RESUMEN Antecedentes: El desarrollo de habilidades laparoscópicas es esencial para el cirujano moderno en su etapa de entrenamiento. Los simuladores laparoscópicos son efectivos, pero en el contexto del Caribe - frecuentemente pobre en recursos - el costo de estos simuladores es a menudo prohibitivo. Describimos la construcción de un simulador de bajo costo, eficaz, y de fácil montaje. También es relativamente fácil su producción masiva para uso en los programas de entrenamiento en toda la región. Métodos: El simulador fue construido usando una caja plástica semitransparente. Puertos de acceso realistas fueron modelados usando plantillas de gel ortopédicas, y se logró una excelente visión montando un cámara de alta definición en el interior de la caja. Como la caja transmite fácilmente la luz, no se necesita una fuente luminosa. El costo total de esta unidad fue de 48 USD, y el tiempo de construcción fue aproximadamente 30 minutos. Resultados: Este simulador fue probado con éxito y posteriormente reproducido con función satisfactoria. Conclusión: El simulador fue eficaz y fácil de construir. Puede tener aplicaciones en los programas de entrenamiento quirúrgico en el Caribe y otras regiones.

Hepatic retractor in an ex vivo model

Abstract Purpose: To discuss the use of models of hepatic retraction by laparoscopy, to present a new Hepatic Retractor (HR) and to evaluate its practicality, efficacy and safety in Esophageal Hiatus Exposure (EHE). Methods: Experimental cross - sectional study with a quantitative character. It was carried out in the Laboratory of Health Training of Christus University Center. The sample consisted of 12 livers of adult pigs weighing between 30 and 45 kg. A circular-shaped HR, 5 cm diameter and deformable materials was developed with a polypropylene cloth, metallic guide wire, epidural needle plastic guide and nylon string. The practicality of HR management was measured by the time required to use the instrument, efficacy by exposure to the operative field and safety by macroscopic assessment of liver damage. Results: The average time to complete the procedure was 3.24 minutes and reached less than 2 minutes after 12 repetitions. In eight experiments the maximum degree of EHE was obtained. No macroscopic lesions were observed. Conclusion: The use of HR described can broaden the operative field, without causing macroscopic liver lesions and prolonging the surgical time.

Internal carotid artery dissection after laparoscopic surgery / Dissecção da artéria carótida interna após cirurgia laparoscópica

Abstract Headache is a common symptom in the postoperative period and may be attributable to, dehydration, sleep deprivation, intentional or inadvertent dural puncture during a neuraxial anesthesia technique, from an inhaled anesthetic agent, or from specific surgical procedures, among other etiologies. However, more serious, uncommon and life-threatening conditions as carotid artery dissection can be associated with severe neurologic sequelae in otherwise young, healthy patients. For these reasons, clinicians involved with postoperative patients should be familiar with the presentation and management strategies for this complication.

Resumo A cefaleia é um sintoma comum no período pós-operatório e pode ser atribuída à desidratação, privação do sono, punção dural intencional ou acidental durante a administração de anestesia neuraxial, ao anestésico inalatório ou a procedimentos cirúrgicos específicos, entre outras etiologias. Entretanto, condições mais graves, incomuns e potencialmente fatais, como a dissecção da artéria carótida, podem estar associadas a sequelas neurológicas graves em pacientes jovens e, sob outros aspectos, saudáveis. Portanto, os médicos envolvidos com pacientes pós-operados devem estar familiarizados com as estratégias de apresentação e manejo dessa complicação.

Advancement in liver laparoscopic resection - development of a new surgical device

Liver resection is the standard treatment for any liver lesion. Laparoscopic liver resection is associated with lower intra-operative blood loss and fewer complications than open resection. Access to the posterior part of the right liver lobe is very uncomfortable and difficult for surgeons due the anatomic position, especially when employing laparoscopic surgery. Based on these experiences, a new laparoscopic device was developed that is capable of bending its long axis and allowing the application of radiofrequency energy in areas that were not technically accessible. The device is equipped with four telescopic needle electrodes that cause tissue coagulation after the delivery of radiofrequency energy. Ex vivo testing was performed in 2012 and 2014 at the University Hospital, Ostrava, on a porcine liver tissue. The main goal of this testing was to verify if the newly proposed electrode layout was suitable for sufficient tissue coagulation and creating a safety zone around lesions. During the ex vivo testing, the material of needle electrodes was improved to achieve the lowest possibility of adhesion. The power supply was adjusted from 20 to 120 W and the ablation time, which varied from 10 to 110 s, was monitored. Subsequently, optimal power delivery and time for coagulation was determined. This experimental study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the newly developed device. Based on the ex vivo testing, LARA-K1 can create a safety zone of coagulation. For further assessment of the new device, an in vivo study should be performed.

Apendicectomía laparoscópica por sistema «glove port¼: nuestros primeros 100 casos / Laparoscopic appendicectomy by 'glove port' system: Our first 100 cases

Resumen Introducción: La apendicectomía laparoscópica por puerto único supone un avance en las técnicas mínimamente invasivas. El objetivo de este estudio es mostrar nuestra serie de 100 casos de apendicitis aguda, intervenidos mediante técnica de puerto único utilizando el sistema «glove port¼, exponiendo nuestra técnica, resultados y seguimiento de nuestros pacientes. Material y métodos: Exponemos la serie de 100 casos intervenidos desde febrero de 2013 hasta enero de 2017 detallando los elementos que componen el sistema «glove port¼. Resultados: De las 100 apendicitis intervenidas, hubo 3 colecciones postoperatorias y una infección de herida quirúrgica, lo que muestra los buenos resultados obtenidos con esta técnica, haciendo hincapié en el excelente resultado estético. También señalamos que es un sistema económico que no encarece la laparoscopia convencional. Conclusiones: La apendicectomía laparoscópica por puerto único es segura, eficaz, económica y útil para que el cirujano adquiera habilidad en el abordaje laparoscópico por puerto único.

Abstract Introduction: Single port laparoscopic appendectomy is an advance in minimally invasive techniques. The objective of this study is to show our series of 100 cases of acute appendicitis, operated through a single port technique using the 'glove port' system, exposing our technique, results and follow up of our patients. Material and methods: We present the series of 100 cases intervened from February 2013 to January 2017 detailing the elements that make up the 'glove port' system. Results: Of the 100 operated appendicitis, there were 3 postoperative collections and 1 surgical wound infection, which shows the good results obtained with this technique, emphasizing the excellent aesthetic result. We also point out that it is an economic system that does not make conventional laparoscopy more expensive. Conclusions: Single port laparoscopic appendectomy is safe, effective, economical and useful for the surgeon to acquire skills in a single port laparoscopic approach.

Which intraperitoneal insufflation pressure should be used for less postoperative pain in transperitoneal laparoscopic urologic surgeries?

ABSTRACT Purpose To determine whether using different intraperitoneal insufflation pressures for transperitoneal laparoscopic urologic surgeries decreases postoperative pain. Materials and Methods 76 patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic upper urinary tract surgery at different insufflation pressures were allocated into the following groups: 10mmHg (group I, n=24), 12mmHg (group II, n=25) and 14mmHg (group III, n=27). These patients were compared according to age, gender, body mass index (BMI), type and duration of surgery, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative pain score and length of hospital stay. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for postoperative pain. Results Demographic characteristics, mean age, gender, BMI and type of surgeries were statistically similar among the groups. The mean operation time was higher in group I than group II and group III but this was not statistically significant (P=0.810). The mean intraoperative bleeding volume was significantly higher in group I compared with group II and group III (P=0.030 and P=0.006). The mean length of postoperative hospital stays was statistically similar among the groups (P=0.849). The mean VAS score at 6h was significantly reduced in group I compared with group III (P=0.011). At 12h, the mean VAS score was significantly reduced in group I compared with group II and group III (P=0.009 and P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the mean VAS scores at 24h among three groups (P=0.920). Conclusion Lower insufflation pressures are associated with lower postoperative pain scores in the early postoperative period.

Apendicectomía laparoscópica mediante incisión umbilical única. Presentación de caso / Laparoscopic appendectomy by means of unique umbilical incision. Case presentation

Fundamento: La apendicectomía laparoscópica es un procedimiento muy utilizado en el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda, se han desarrollado técnicas cada vez menos invasivas como la cirugía laparoscópica a través de una incisión única, donde es posible introducir a la cavidad abdominal múltiples instrumentos a través de una misma incisión. Objetivo: Describir el uso de la técnica apendicetomía laparoscópica, utilizándose instrumental convencional, mediante la introducción de tres puertos de acceso a través de la misma incisión umbilical. Presentación de caso: Paciente masculino de 34 años, con dolor abdominal de 24 horas de evolución y leucocitosis, que mediante ultrasonido abdominal se le constató el apéndice engrosado de 9 mm. Se realizó apendicectomía laparoscópica por una incisión umbilical única de forma satisfactoria; evolucionó favorablemente y sin complicaciones posoperatorias, se egresó a las 48 horas. Conclusiones: Este constituye el primer paciente operado en el Hospital Cubano en Qatar por esta novedosa técnica quirúrgica, la cual consideramos segura y fácilmente reproducible con entrenamiento adecuado.

Background: The laparoscopic appendectomy is a procedure very used in the treatment of the sharp appendicitis, less invasive techniques have been developed like the laparoscopic surgery through an unique incision, where it is possible to introduce to the abdominal cavity multiple instruments through the same incision. Objective: To describe the use of the technical laparoscopic appendectomy, being used conventional instrumental, by means of the introduction of three access ports through the same umbilical incision. Case presentation: Masculine patient of 34 years old, with abdominal pain of 24 hours of evolution and leukocytes that was verified by means of abdominal ultrasound the augmented appendix of 9 mm. A laparoscopic appendectomy was carried out for an unique umbilical incision in a satisfactory way; it evolved favorably and without post operatory complications, the patient was egressed at the 48 hours. Conclusions: This constitutes the first patient operated in the Cuban Hospital in Qatar by this novel surgical technique, which we consider a save and easily reproducible technique with appropriate training.

Laparoendoscopic single site surgery in pediatric urology: does it require specialized tools?

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe our experience utilizing Laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) surgery in pediatric urology. Materials and Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on LESS urologic procedures from November 2009 through March 2013. A total of 44 patients underwent 54 procedures including: nephrectomy (23), orchiopexy (14), varicocelectomy (9), orchiectomy (2), urachal cyst excision (3), and antegrade continence enema (3) (ACE). Results: Median patient age was 6.9 years old. Estimated blood loss (EBL), ranged from less than 5cc to 47cc for a bilateral nephrectomy. Operative time varied from 56 mins for varicocelectomy to a median of 360 minutes for a bilateral nephroureterectomy. Incision length ranged between 2 and 2.5cm. In our initial experience we used a commercial port. However, as we progressed, we were able to perform the majority of our procedures via adjacent fascial punctures for instrumentation at the single incision site. One patient did require conversion to an open procedure as a result of bleeding. Three complications were noted (6.8%), with two Clavien Grade 3b complications. Two patients required additional procedures at 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: The use of LESS applies to many pediatric urologic procedures, ideally for ablative procedures or simple reconstructive efforts. The use of adjacent fascial puncture sites for instrumentation can obviate the need for a commercial port or multiple trocars.

ADAPT(tm) trocar use for laparoscopic procedures in equidea / Utilização do trocater AdaptTM para procedimentos laparoscópicos em equídeos

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o uso do trocater modelo Adapt(tm) no acesso laparoscópico em animais da família dos equídeos. O procedimento cirúrgico foi realizado em 15 equídeos (quatro jumentas, seis cavalos e cinco éguas), com peso médio de 320kg (290kg e 450kg, pesos máximo e mínimo, respectivamente). Os pacientes foram mantidos em posição quadrupedal, sob sedação e bloqueio local. Primeiramente, realizou-se o preparo asséptico, e o acesso foi feito pelo flanco direito ou pelo esquerdo, dependendo da estrutura a ser visualizada. Em todos os procedimentos, foi utilizado o trocater modelo Seal AdaptTM Ports (Teleflex Medical Introduces TautTM, USA), com diâmetro de 12mm. Inicialmente se fez uma incisão de pele de aproximadamente 15mm para inserção da ponta do trocater. Este foi inserido na ferida cirúrgica, realizando-se movimentos de 180º em sentido horário e anti-horário, até atingir a cavidade abdominal. Após esta etapa, o obturador do trocater foi retirado, e a ótica inserida para confirmar o acesso à cavidade abdominal. A síntese das camadas superficiais da muscular foi realizada com fio nylon nº 0, em um padrão Sultan, e posteriormente a dermorrafia, também com nylon nº 0, no padrão de Wolf. O equipamento apresentou eficiência nos procedimentos de dissecação das camadas subcutânea, musculares e peritônio, não ocorrendo significativa hemorragia nessas camadas. Em um paciente muar, ocorreu afastamento do peritônio parietal, e em alguns casos (40%) ocorreu pequeno enfisema subcutâneo no pós-cirúrgico. Todos os pacientes apresentaram boa cicatrização da ferida cirúrgica. O trocater modelo AdaptTM mostrou-se eficiente na abordagem laparoscópica em equinos, apresentando segurança em se estabelecer o acesso e versatilidade no emprego de diversos instrumentais.(AU)

Drilling: medical indications and surgical technique / Drilling: indicações e técnica

SUMMARY Introduction: anovulation is a major cause of female infertility, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulation. While undergoing drug-induced ovulation, women with PCOS usually have a satisfactory response recruiting follicles, but some are unable to recruit follicles or often produce an excessive number of follicles, which can result in ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome and/or multiple pregnancy. Surgical laparoscopy with ovarian "drilling" may prevent or reduce the need for drug-induced ovulation. Objective: to identify the current indications of laparoscopic ovarian drilling and the best surgical technique. Method: a review of the medical literature based on systematic search in the Medline, Lilacs and Cochrane databases, using as keywords laparoscopy, polycystic ovary syndrome, and drilling. Results: we found 105 articles in the literature, 27 of these highly relevant, describing findings on ovarian drilling. Conclusion: laparoscopic drilling is indicated for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome with ovulatory resistance to the use of clomiphene citrate, body mass index less than 30 kg/m2 and preoperative luteinizing hormone above 10 IU/L. The preferred surgical technique should be the realization of 5 to 10 perforations on the surface of each ovary bilaterally using monopolar energy.

RESUMO Introdução: a anovulação é uma das principais causas de infertilidade feminina, e a síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) é a principal causa de anovulação. As mulheres com SOP, quando submetidas a indução medicamentosa da ovulação, costumam ter resposta satisfatória, recrutando folículos. No entanto, algumas podem não recrutar folículos ou, muitas vezes, têm uma produção excessiva deles, o que pode resultar em síndrome de hiperestímulo ovariano e/ou gravidez múltipla. O tratamento cirúrgico por laparoscopia comdrilling ovariano pode evitar ou reduzir a necessidade de indução da ovulação com medicamentos. Objetivos: identificar as indicações atuais do drilling ovariano laparoscópico e qual a melhor técnica operatória. Método: revisão da literatura médica, por meio de busca sistemática nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e Cochrane, utilizando as palavras-chave: laparoscopia, síndrome dos ovários micropolicísticos edrilling. Resultados: foram encontrados 105 artigos na literatura, sendo 27 de grande relevância descrevendo achados sobre o drilling ovariano. Conclusão: o drilling laparoscópico está indicado para pacientes com SOP com resistência ovulatória ao uso do citrato de clomifeno, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) inferior a 30 kg/m2 e hormônio luteinizante (LH) pré-cirúrgico superior 10 UI/L. A técnica operatória de preferência deve ser a realização de 5 a 10 perfurações na superfície de cada ovário bilateralmente por meio do uso de energia monopolar.

Single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy: preliminary results / Histerectomia laparoscópica de incisão única: resultados preliminares

Summary Objective: to describe the initial results of a laparoscopic single port access hysterectomy and also to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this access. Methods: a prospective study was performed at a tertiary university medical center (Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo) between March 2013 and June 2014. A total of 20 women, referred for hysterectomy due to benign uterine disease, were included in the study after they had signed an informed consent. Outcome measures, including operating time, blood loss, rate of complications, febrile morbidity, visual analogical pain score and length of hospital stay were registered. Results: mean patient age and body mass index (BMI) were 47.8 years and 27.15 kg/m2, respectively. Mean operating time was 165.5 min. Blood loss was minimal, with no blood transfusion. All procedures but one were successfully performed via a single incision and no post-operative complications occurred. We experienced one conversion to multiport laparoscopic hysterectomy due to extensive pelvic adhesions. There was no conversion to “open” total abdominal hysterectomy. None of the patients required narcotics or NSAD post-operatively. Conclusion: single-port hysterectomy is a feasible and safe technique, with no major complications.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever os resultados iniciais da histerectomia laparoscópica realizada através de punção umbilical única, além de avaliar a praticabilidade e segurança dessa via de acesso cirúrgico. Métodos: este estudo prospectivo foi realizado em um hospital universitário terciário (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil) entre março de 2013 e junho de 2014. Um total de 20 mulheres candidatas à histerectomia por doenças uterinas benignas foram incluídas neste estudo, após terem assinado termo de consentimento informado. Foram analisados os resultados cirúrgicos, incluindo tempo de cirurgia, perda sanguínea, complicações, morbidade febril, dor pós-operatória e tempo de permanência hospitalar. Resultados: a média de idade e índice de massa corpórea das pacientes foi de 47.8 anos e 27.15 kg/m2, respectivamente. O tempo cirúrgico médio foi de 165.5 minutos. A perda sanguínea foi mínima, sem necessidade de transfusão em nenhuma paciente. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados satisfatoriamente, apenas um caso necessitou de conversão cirúrgica para laparoscopia convencional (com 3 punções abdominais) por múltiplas aderências, porém sem necessidade de realização de laparotomia e não houveram complicações pós-cirúrgicas. Nenhuma paciente deste estudo solicitou administração de medicação analgésica adicional no pós-operatório. Conclusão: a histerectomia com acesso único umbilical é um procedimento factível e seguro, sem maiores complicações.

Effectiveness of a reusable low-cost balloon trocar dissection device in the creation of preperitoneal space during endoscopic surgery. An experimental study in swine

PURPOSE: To evaluate a new, low-cost, reusable balloon trocar device for dissection of the preperitoneal space during endoscopic surgery.METHODS:Twenty swine (weight: 15-37 kg) were randomized to two groups, according to whether the preperitoneal space was created with a new balloon device manufactured by Bhio-Supply (group B) or with the commercially available OMSPDB 1000(r) balloon device manufactured by Covidien (group C). Quality and size of the created preperitoneal space, identification of anatomic structures, balloon dissection time, total procedure time, balloon resistance and internal pressure after insufflation with 300 mL of ambient air, balloon-related complications, and procedure cost were assessed.RESULTS:No significant differences in dissection time, total procedure time, or size of the created preperitoneal space were found between the groups. Balloons in group B had a significantly higher internal pressure compared to balloons in group C. None of the balloons ruptured during the experiment. Three animals in group C had balloon-related peritoneal lacerations. Despite a higher individual device cost, group B had a lower procedure cost over the entire experiment.CONCLUSION:The new balloon device is not inferior to the commercially available device in terms of the safety and effectiveness for creating a preperitoneal space in swine.

Robotic high para-aortic lymph node dissection with high port placement using same port for pelvic surgery in gynecologic cancer patients / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: This study reports our initial experience of robotic high para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) with high port placement using same port for pelvic surgery in cervical and endometrial cancer patients. METHODS: Between July 2013 and January 2014, we performed robotic high PALND up to the left renal vein during staging surgeries. With high port placement and same port usage for pelvic surgery, high PALND was successfully performed without repositioning the robotic column. All data were registered consecutively and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: All patients successfully underwent robotic high PALND, followed by hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Median age was 45 years (range, 39 to 51 years) and median body mass index was 22 kg/m2 (range, 19.3 to 23.1 kg/m2). Median operative time for right PALND and left PALND was 37 minutes (range, 22 to 65 minutes) and 44 minutes (range, 36 to 50 minutes), respectively. Median number of right and left para-aortic lymph node by pathologic report was 12 (range, 8 to 15) and 13 (range, 5 to 26). CONCLUSION: With high port placement and one assistant port, robotic high PALND with the same port used in pelvic surgery is feasible to non-obese patients.

Single port laparoscopic orchidopexy in children using surgical glove port and conventional rigid instruments

PURPOSE: We review the literature and describe our technique for laparoendoscopic single-site orchidopexy using a glove port and rigid instruments. We assessed the feasibility and outcomes of this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of all children who had undergone laparoendoscopic single-site orchidopexy by use of a surgical glove port and conventional rigid instruments for a nonpalpable intraabdominal testis between January 2013 and September 2014. RESULTS: Data from a total of 20 patients were collected. The patients' mean age was 18 months. All cases had a nonpalpable unilateral undescended testis. Fourteen patients (70%) had an undescended testis on the right side and six patients (30%) had an undescended testis on the left side. Seventeen patients underwent primary orchidopexy. Three patients underwent single-port laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy for the first and the second stage. Average operating time was 57 minutes (range, 40 to 80 minutes). No patient was lost to follow-up. At follow-up, 2 testes were found to have retracted out of the scrotum and these were successfully dealt with in a second operation. One testis was hypoplastic in the scrotal pouch. There were no signs of umbilical hernia. CONCLUSIONS: Single-port laparoscopic orchidopexy using a glove port and rigid instruments is technically feasible and safe for various nonpalpable intraabdominal testes. However, surgical experience and long-term follow-up are needed to confirm the superiority of this technique.

Single-site laparoscopy in gynecology: preliminary study of a series of 50 cases / Laparoscopia por portal único em ginecologia: estudo preliminar de uma série de 50 casos

Objective: to describe the initial experience of a gynecology team, at a tertiary care center, when performing single-port laparoscopic surgery. Methods: this is a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of 50 patients treated at the outpatient gynecology clinic of our institution between June 2012 and July 2013 who underwent single-port laparoscopic surgery. This study was approved by the institution’s Ethics in Research Committee. Results: the mean age of patients is 37.8 years, ranging from 18 to 70 years, and the most frequent surgical indications were adnexal mass (72%) and chronic pelvic pain (24%). The mean operative time was 94.4 minutes with a mean hospital stay of 25.8 hours. There were no perioperative complications. We recorded two conversions to laparotomy due to technical difficulties during the procedure. All cases of conversion had pelvic adhesions. All operative complications were successfully treated and none were considered severe. Conclusion: this is one of the largest case series in the literature regarding surgical treatment by single-port laparoscopy in gynecology and presents evidence on reduction of surgical morbidity and satisfactory cosmetic results. We conclude that single-port laparoscopy is a viable minimally invasive technique, and that it contributes to the construction of a new scenario in modern gynecological surgery. .

Objetivo: descrever a experiência inicial da equipe de ginecologia, em um centro de referência, na realização de cirurgia laparoscópica por portal único. Métodos: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, com a revisão dos prontuários de 50 pacientes atendidas no ambulatório de ginecologia do Hospital da Baleia – Fundação Benjamin Guimarães, entre junho de 2012 e julho de 2013, e que foram submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico laparoscópico por portal único. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição. Resultados: a idade média das pacientes incluídas no estudo é de 37,8 anos, variando entre 18 e 70 anos, e as indicações cirúrgicas mais frequentes foram massa anexial (72%) e dor pélvica crônica (24%). O tempo médio cirúrgico foi de 94,4 minutos, com tempo de internação médio de 25,8 horas. Em nenhum caso ocorreu qualquer tipo de complicação perioperatória. Registraram-se duas conversões para laparotomia por dificuldade técnica durante o procedimento. Todos os casos de conversão apresentavam aderências pélvicas. Todas as complicações operatórias foram tratadas com sucesso e nenhuma delas foi considerada grave. Conclusão: esta é uma das maiores séries de casos da literatura em relação ao tratamento cirúrgico por laparoscopia de portal único em ginecologia e apresenta resultados que sugerem a redução da morbidade cirúrgica e resultados estéticos satisfatórios. Concluímos que a laparoscopia por portal único é uma técnica minimamente invasiva viável e que traz importante contribuição à construção de um novo cenário na cirurgia ginecológica moderna. .